Car.



A. J. STEVENS & .I. 'H. HORNE.

Patented Dec.2, 1913. l s SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q S a? 3. 1%, 1 S

7 CAR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12, 1912.

ocboanioa a u o n a a l a LOBQGQQQ AWE Sta 5 1.73, @M

ARTHUR u. STEVENS. JAMES H. HORNE A. J. STEVENS & J. H.. HORNE.

CAR. APPLICATION IILED AUG- 12, 1Ql2.

Patented 3090.2 1913.

6 Emmi-SHEET 2.

finvmflmr su ARTHUR J STEVENS JAMES H HORNE. B M' M ATTVS.

A. J. STEVENS & J. H. HORNE.

GAR. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 12, 1912.

1913. 5 BHEETS SHEET a.

Patented Dec. 2

- ARTHUR. J. STEVENS; 'JAMES H. HORNE A. J. STEVENS & J, H. HORNE.

CAR. runner: FILED we. 12, 1912' Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

6 BHBETS-SHEET 4.

ARTHUR J. STEVENS.

JAMES H HORNE A. LSTEVBNSI & J. H. HORNE.

CAR. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 12, 1912 Patented Dec. 2, 1913,:

Arts-st.

In BHTJP s ARTHUR J. STEVENS.

JAMES H. HORNE.

swans area .orria ARTHUR J. STEVENS AND JAMES H. HORNE, F DAYTON, (EH10, ASSIGNORS TO THE 'BARNEY AND SMITH CAB COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA. 7

j Specification of Letters nan.

Patented Dec.2, teas.

Application flled'Aug'ust 12, 1912 Serial No. 714,510.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ARTHUR J. Srnvnns and JAMEs H. HORNE, citizens of the United States, residing at Dayton,

in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cars, of which the specification, reference being the accompanying drawing.

This intention relatest o cars and more particularly to the) various types of passenger cars which are provided at their ends with vestibules divided from the body portion or passenger compartment of the car by partitions and doors.

The object of the invention is to protect the body portion of the car from injury when the car as a whole is subjected to abnormal shocks, a collision or similar had therein to ury.

To this end it is a further object of the invention to so construct the car as a whole that the'vestibule or platform extension will yield, as by crushing or collapsing, when subjected to a shock or strain greater than ,t-ion of the In .a train comprising a number of cars it will be obvious that there will be a very large amount of crushable material and, consequently, the force of a. very severe shock would be absorbed by the crushin or collapsing of this material without in ury to the body portions or passenger compartments of the cars. To accomplish this end the vestibules or platform extensions are constructed separately from and independently of the body portion of the car and are made of a lighter construction which, while "suificient strength to withstand all. ordior normal service' shoclis is of less strength than the structure of the body POP:- car, and, under abnormal shock,

following is a such as would be caused by accident, thus protect-- ing the passengers from loss of life and in- ,Fig.

will crush or collapse against the end of the 0r platforms and further to permit of the removal and I replacing of the damaged vestibule without' affecting the structure of the body portion of the car. To further protect the body portion of the car we provide the vestibules or platformextensions with anti-climbing de vices which lessen or entirely avoid the tendency of one car torise above or climb another car in case of collision, and which also tend to to tile platform and other timbers or frame -nsruction which have the s 'rength and ofi'er the greatest resistance to the shock, thus tending to prevent one car from telescoping another. a

With our improved construction, in case of a collision or wreck in which the cars are subjected to a len thwise shoclt of sufiicient force to m'ateria ly injure thecars, the connections between the latforms or vestibules and the bodies of t eir respective cars will. be broken, thus doors, hoods, platfm'm and steps to be crushed or collapsed against the ends of the body portions of the cars. or crushing of the vestibules will absorb a great deal of the energy of the shock and the force of the same will, in most cases, be so lost or reduced before the ends of the body portions of the cars come-together as to effectually protect the latter and their occupants from injury. y

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a broken perspective view'of one end and a portion of one side of asteel passenger car body and vestibuleiend thereof, the floors being removed; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modification of the construction showntherein and showing arear Wall to the vestibule in addition to the end Wall of the body of thecar; FigB-is a broken perspective view of the steel framework of the vestibule platform, detached from, the bod of the car and showing the application 0 the anti-climbing device; Fig. 4 isa view similar to Fig. 3 showinga modi fication of. the construction shown therein;

This collapsing over greatest permitting the vestibule 5 is a broken perspectiveviewshowing the end'framing oi the bed vofa steelgpase 1m ture terminates at the end of the body .por-

senger car, as shown in Fig. 1, the vestibule and platform'being removed; Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing a modification thereof as represented in Fig. 2, and showin a portion of the rear wall of the vestibu e attached to the end of the car body; Fig. 7 is a broken side elevation of a portion of the construction shown in Fig. 1 showing the vestibule end attached to the car body; Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fi 7 showin the manner of attaching the platform si ls to the longitudinal body sills of the car; Fig.9 is a broken perspective elevation of one-half of the end plate of the car body, showing the manner of construct- 1 ing the same, looking from the outside of the endof the car body. i

In these drawings we have illustrated one embodiment of our invention and have shown this embodiment as applied both to an all steel car, (Figs. 1, 3 and 5), and to a car constructed largely of wood, (Figs. 2, 4 and 6), it being obvious that the invention will lend itself readily to' use with either an all steel car, an all wood car or a car composed of both steel and wood.

In illustrating .the invention we have shown various parts common in car construction which have no relation to our inparts of the carstructure as are vention and we have, therefore, omitted reference to them and have described only such an understanding of the invention.

In that embodlment ofthe invention illustrated in the drawings the body portion or passenger com artment of the car comprises J besides I an the,ends 2, only one side and one end being shown, the lower deck roof3 and the upperdeck roof 4. This bod portion ofthe car is complete in itself an comprises the usual main sills 2-8 which extend longitudinally of said car and which, to-

- gether with. the side sills 31 and cross mem- Th b of'a vestibule. a

' f and separate from the ers 30, comprise the frame or base of the 'body portion ofv the car. This'frame structioninstead ofprojecting beyond the same 'tojorm the platform supports, as is customary in t e present car construction.

- e y portion of the car is rovided at either or both ends with a plat orm exten- Y sion and in the type of car here illustrated this extension su orts and forms a part T 1s platform extension or vestibule is constructed com late in itself car bo y, it being so shaped and constructed as to fit snugly against the end of thapar, to correspond to the ships of the car and" to complete the construction of the car when applied to the bodyportion thereof. The extension comprises lofigitudinal extension sills 20 which arerigi y "secured at their forward ends to'the-transverse nose piece 23, which forms the extreme of the frame of'the' car as a necessary to whole, and are secured at their rear ends to the main sills 28 of the body portion of the car.

The vestibule comprises a frame work built up on the sills and nose piece. In the all steel construction, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5, the vestibule comprises an outer frame consisting of vertical corner posts 6 and intermediate posts 7, these posts be ingcovered and connected one with the other by suitable metal sheathin 8 and corner plates 9. It will be noted that these intermediate. posts 7 are formed of heavyv steel beams securely fastened above and below and serving to provide an extra strong construction which will transmit any shock imposed thereon to the extension sills 20. The extension or vestibule in this form of the car is not provided with a rear wall but.

fits snugly against the end wall of the car which constitutes the rear wall of the vestibule.

In the combined Wood and steel construction, shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 6, the vestibule comprises an outer wall constructed of vertical corner posts 10 and intermediate posts 11 which are covered with sheathing, elther wood or metal, and are provided with cor: ner pieces 12 of any suitable character. In this form of the car the vestibule is also provided with a rear wall separate from the rearwall of the body portlon of the car, this wall comprising corner posts 13 and door posts 14 with such intermediate posts as may be desired. This inner wall is covered with a sheathing 15 of any suitable character to provide a finished appearance to this will 0 the vestibule.

The roof of the vestibule is substantially the same in both forms of the car and comprises the lower deck 5 and the upper deck 6" which form a continuation of the corresponding arts of the car body. The joints between .t e roof sections of the body portion of'the car and the vestibule may be of any suitable character and are here shown as closed by a cap or molding 32. The inner walls of the vestibule may be secured to the end wall of the body portion of the car in any suitable manner but the extension sills, which form the support for the platform or vestibule, are so connected to the body portion of the car as to permit them to have I longitudinal movement relatively thereto under abnormal shock or strain. Preferably, the extension s'ills are connected directly to the adjacent ends of the main sills; The connection may be of any suitable character-but is preferably a separable one and, as here sh -wn, theunner ends of the extension sills overlap the adjacent portions of the main sill and are provided with a series of openings orbolt holes 26 adapted, when the vestibule has been placed in ositlon, to register with the correspondin bolt holes 27 in the adjacent portions of the main sills. Therespective sills are then connected one to the other by means of bolts or rivets, thus forming a connection which is rigid and of sufficient strength to withstand all normal strains or shocks. The outer ends ofthe supplemental sills are connected with the nose piece 23 'in such a manner as to form a rigid connection which will efiectually prevent movement of the nose piece relatively to the sill. In Fig. 3, which shows the all steel vestibule construction, this con-' nectionis formed. by cutting awaythe upper portion ofthe outer end of each sill and bending a portion ofthe sill horizontally to form a seat for the nose piece, and to which the'nosepiece may be bolted, this lip or seat being shown at-25 In Fig. 4, which shows the combined wood and steel construction of the vestibule,-the metal casing for the wooden sill is bent in substantially the same manner as is the sill itself in Fig. 3, as shown at 2-5: In both forms the nose piece rests upon the seat formed at 25 and bears any shock to which the nose piece may be subjected will be transmit-ted directly to the extension sills. The connection between. the

' extension sills and the main sills is, as stated,

rivets. {The connection between the exten- 'sionsills and the main sills having been,

separated to permit the extension sills to move longitudinally to the main sills the a structure of the platform. and vestibule will be crushedor collapsed between the ends of the cars and in so doing will absorb a large amount of the. shock, thereby-.materially reducing the force of the impact between the i ends of the body portions of the cars. It

will be noted in this connection that the end of the c'ar proper is of a very strong construction compmsmg, as shown, a number of heavy steel sections which form the doorposts 16, corner posts17 and intermediate Qth'e same, as shown.

i posts 18,- which posts are, in the combined wood and steel construction-shown in Figs. 2;;an'df6, further reinforced by the wooden pcsts'with which they are combined. The

i intermediate posts are further reinforced by angle-irons 21 riveted to the inside-edges of These reinforcing angle'irons are of such lengthfthat they extend-a considerable distance above. the'frame oir'basf of th" car and above the point of. greatest shock when the: cars' attempt totelescope, thereby materially stiffening and strengthening that portion. of the car which is subjected *to the. greatest shock or strain. Further, it grill be noted that practicallythe entire :end of the body portion of the car.

against the end of the sill. Consequently,

is covered by a heavy steel plate 19 extending from the under side of the roof down to the body of the end sills or frame of the car. This construction serves to further strengthenv the end of the car, hold the end posts in'proper positions and prevent parts of the vestibule from piercing the end of the car when the vestibule is crushed or 001- lapsed. In the steel construction of the car, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, these plates 19, which form the end Wall of the body portion of the car, also form the inner wall of the vestibule, while in the combined wood and steel construction of Figs. 2 and 6 the plates 19 are interposed between the frames for the end wall of the body portion and the adjacent wall ofthe vestibule.

The body portion of the car is so constructed that in case of collision where the shock is not wholly absorbed by the col lapsible or crushable platfor the crushing .in of the end of the body ortion of the car will tend todraw downward the adjacent porti'on' of the roof, thus tending to prevent the telescoping of the cars and interposing an additional protection between the passenger compartment and the car or locomotive with which the particular car is in collision. 111 the present construction this is accomplished by means of the end plates 19, the upper edges of which areturned at an angle to form flanges 19 (see Fig. 9) and riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to the under side of the roof. The lower edges of the plates 19 are also turned at an angle to the plates to form flanges which extend under the end sill or cross .piece of the car body and are rigidly se cured thereto. By means of this construction in case tlie collapsing of the platform or vestibule does not wholly absorb the shock the end of 'the car roof would be pulled downward, thus interposing the roof between the approaching locomotive or car and tend to force this locomotive or car upward and .over the body rtion of the car instead of through the en of the same. To further strengthen the end of the body portion of the car-and to render the same more rigid braces may be employed which are shown in Figs. 5 and 6 as triangular braces arranged between the-corner posts and side sills, as indicated at- 22, and extending some distance above the sill so that they serve to project the end at the'car should it receive a cornering blow and also to reinforce the sides and ends of the car proper. a

In order to prevent one car climbing ovei' orridingj the other we have provide' dian beams or steelpieces form a part ofthe detachable platform or vestibule and may be rigidly secured thereto in any suitable mani ner. There are preferably two of these pieces and they extend from the nose piece to a point some distance back of and under s the adjacent portion of the car, their rear,

ends being secured to one of the transverse members 30 of the car frame. The pieces or beams 29 are so arranged in the several cars that when the cars are coupled into a train the pieces 29 on adjacent cars will be in alinement and in case of collision or other accident which forces the endsof the cars violently together, these pieces on adjacent cars wil Inasmuch as these pieces depend some dis connected with the platform in sucha mannor that the nose piece will receive the force I of the collision, but at the same time they are substantially flush with the outer edge of the nose piece so that they will have the desired effect.- If the platform is crushed,

of course, the pieces 29 are forced backward with the platform beams and the nose piece. The connections bet-ween these 'plates or anti-climbing devices and the cross piece 30 are such that they will be bro-ken or separated under a strain suflicient to disconnect the extension sills from the main sills,- thus permitting the whole vestibule and platform structure to collapse. Further, these beams or anti-climbing devices serve to confine the shock or thrust to the lower portion of the car body where it will be resisted by 1 the frame or base construction of the car and the upright members near their points of connection with this base where they have the greatest resisting power.

,It will be apparent, therefore, that we' have designed a car, the platform extension or vestibule of which is adapted to be crushed or collapsed under severe shock before the body portion of the car will besubjected to injury and that this crushing or collapsing of the vestibule or platform extension will absorb a large, part of the shock, thus eliminating or materially lessening the ultimate damage to. the bodyportion of the car.

1 Further, it will be apparent that in accomplishing this we provide asupporting framefor the platform or vestibule, such as the extension sills, which is connected with the frame, or main sills, of the bodyportion;of

the car. Although this connectionis strong enough .to..withstand all service shocks and strains it constitutes the weakest point of the construction and hence will be the first point to yield under an abnormal shock,- thereby permitting the vestibule constructlo'n 01 platform to be crushed. The strong upright posts forming the outer end wall 0- come in contact one with the other.

collision largely tothe lower portion or frame of the body portion of the car which has the greatest resisting power. Further, these features tend to prevent either the telescoping or climbing of onecar by another.- Also, it will be noted that the connection between the roof and the base of the car is such that if theend of the car iscrushed in there will be a tendency to pull down the end of the roof and interpose the same be-' tween the bed portion of the car and the car o'rlocomotlve which is in collision therewith, thus not only interposing an additional resistance but tending to cause the colliding car or locomotive to ride over the car instead of telescoping the same.

. While we have shown and described one form of the invention, modified slightly to adapt it to an all steel or to'a combined wood and steel car constructiomit will be understood that this embodiment has been chosen for the'purpose ofillustration only and that the construction and arrangement of the various parts entering into the structure as a whole'are capable of wide modification without departing from thespirit of the invention'which consists broadly in providing a platform extension or vestibule which will yield under abnormal shock and Wlll. act ,as

a cushion or shock absorber to prevent or reduce injury to the body portionofthe. car.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:-' f 1. In acar, a body portion and a'yieldable' extension to said body portion, sald yield-,

able extension being of sufficient strength to resist normal shocks, but being so constructed and arranged that when subjected to abnormal shoek it will yield al'onga line sub stantially parallel to'the length of the car.

2.-In acar, a body portion and an-extension to said body portion, said extension be 'ing of less strength than-said body,p0rt1 on and so constructedand arranged as to be crushed or colla sed against said body porj tion when sub ected to abnormal shock,

thereby absorbing the shock and protecting the body portion of the car from ln ury. V 3. In a car, a body portion, an extension "to said bodyportion, said extension being separate from and connected 'to'said body portion, and separable means for connecting said extension to said body' portion, said extension furtherbeing arranged to move along a line substantially parallel with the length of the car when/sa d connectmg means are separated, .whereby an abnorma shock will separate said: connection, an crush said extension against'the end of the body portionof the car. q '4; In a car, a body portion an exten- 1,oso,o24

sion to said body portion, said extension bemg formed separate from said body portion,

', and a yielding connection between said body portion and said extension, whereby an abnormal shock will cause said connection to yield and permit-said extension to be crushed 7 against the end of the body, portion" of the -car'..- i

- 15"."Ina car, a body portion, and an end port-ion, said end portion being of less a strength suflicient to; resist normal shocks but adapted to yield under an abnormal "shock to permit the end portion to be crushed and to absorb a portion of said shock.

6. In a car, a body portion comprising a longitudinally extending main sill, an extension to said body portion comprising a longitudinal extension sill, and a separable connection between said extension sill and an abnormal shock;

said main sill, said connection being adapt-' ed to permit said-extension sill to move rela, tively to said mam sill when subjected to.

*7. In'a Cttr;" y Portion comlirising longitudinallyextending main sills, an ex- ';tension to said body portion comprising-dongitudinal extension sills having fthifinner portionsoverlapping the adjacent portions of the respective mainsills, and bolts or Lrivets connecting said extension sills to the respective-mam sills, whereby .un'der ab;

normal shock; said bolts or rivets will be Z-Shearedandsaid extension sills permitted'to 'moye longitudinally relatively to 'saidmain ills. ,v a a JIrifa car, a body portion comprising tudinally extending main sills, ;an ex extension s1lls overlapping the ad I ldfi nt portions of the main sills, a separable connection between sald extension $1115 and 'the mainsills, and a vestibule structure supported by said extension sills, said vestibule structure being separate from and detach ably secured to the body portion of said car and forming a continuation of said bodyportim 4 I r a 9..In a car, a body portion, and a vestibule built separate from and detachably connectedto the end of said body portion.

10. In a car, a body portion comprising a main sill, an extension to saidbody ortion -comprising extension sills, separab e connections between said extension 'sills and. said main sills, constructed and arranged to withstand normal strains but to separate underabnormal strains, a nose piece extending transversely to said car and rigidly secured to said extension sills whereby any shock imposed upon said nose piece will be transmitted to said sills through said separable connections. i i

11; In a'car,a body portion comprising main sills and ha-vin ,an end wall comprising a reinforcing pl zite, a platform exten SlOIlto said body portion comprising extension sills and separable. connections between said extension sills and said main sills, said separable connections being adapted to .yieldunder abnormal strain.

-12. In a car, a body portion, a platform extension, a yieldable connection between sa1d+ .extension and saidabody portion to permit the extension to collapse under abnormal' strain, and a reinforcing plate intervposed between said platform extension and said body portion.

13. In a car, a body portion comprising a base frame and a roof, a yielding platform extension for said body portion, and, a reinforcing plate inter-posed between said platform extension and the body portion of said car, said plate being rigidly connected .at its upper ed e to said roof and at its lower edge tosaid base frame, whereby the diiwnward the roof of said car.

1 L In a car, a body portion comprising a base frame, a roof and an end wall, a yieldable platformextension to said body portion, and means for drawing portion is forced inward. I

15. In a car abody portion comprisinga 16:'Ina car, a body portion,- and a crushto said body portion, said extension having tions rigidly secured thereto and adapted to resist the tendency of said car to climb when subjected to abnormal lengthwise shock and to cause said shock to be imposed directly upon said extension to crush the same against the end of the car.

In testimony whereof, we afiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR J. STEVENS.

JAMES H. HORNE. Witnessesr D. C. WILLIAMSON, F. O. LITTLE.

Gopiet of. this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

bending' of said plate will tend to draw base frame, anda platform extension to said.

abl platform extension yield-ably connected down the end of said roofwhen the end wallof said body .at its outer end downwardly extending por-, 

